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EPA Envirofacts API Reference import https://github.com/K-Dense-AI/scientific-agent-skills/blob/9c9bd2e9/skills/database-lookup/references/epa.md 9c9bd2e9 2026-06-26 prompt accepted upstream false

EPA Envirofacts API Reference

Base URL

https://data.epa.gov/efservice

Note: The legacy URL https://enviro.epa.gov/enviro/efservice may redirect. Use the current base URL above.

Authentication

None required. Fully public, no API key needed.

Rate Limits

  • No documented per-user rate limit.
  • Large result sets may time out. Use row limits and pagination.

URL Pattern

Envirofacts uses a RESTful URL-based query pattern:

https://data.epa.gov/efservice/{table}/{column}/{operator}/{value}/.../rows/{start}:{end}/{format}
  • {table}: Database table name (e.g. TRI_FACILITY, AQS_SITES).
  • {column}/{operator}/{value}: Filter conditions, chained in the URL path.
  • Operators: = (implicit, just use /{column}/{value}), >, <, !=, BEGINNING (starts with), CONTAINING.
  • rows/{start}:{end}: Row range for pagination (0-based).
  • {format}: JSON, XML, CSV, EXCEL. Appended as the last path segment.

Multiple filters are chained sequentially in the URL path.

Key Databases and Tables

1. Toxics Release Inventory (TRI)

Tracks releases of toxic chemicals from industrial facilities.

Key Tables:

Table Description
TRI_FACILITY Facility information (name, address, coordinates).
TRI_REPORTING_FORM Annual reporting form data.
TRI_RELEASE_QTY Quantities of releases by media (air, water, land).
TRI_TRANSFER_QTY Quantities transferred off-site.
TRI_CHEM_INFO Chemical information.

Example -- TRI facilities in North Carolina:

https://data.epa.gov/efservice/TRI_FACILITY/STATE_ABBR/NC/rows/0:9/JSON

Response:

[
  {
    "TRI_FACILITY_ID": "27601MPLNT501WE",
    "FACILITY_NAME": "EXAMPLE MANUFACTURING PLANT",
    "STREET_ADDRESS": "501 WEST MAIN ST",
    "CITY_NAME": "RALEIGH",
    "COUNTY_NAME": "WAKE",
    "STATE_ABBR": "NC",
    "ZIP_CODE": "27601",
    "LATITUDE": 35.7796,
    "LONGITUDE": -78.6382,
    "FEDERAL_FACILITY_FLAG": "NO",
    "INDUSTRY_SECTOR_CODE": "325",
    "PRIMARY_SIC_CODE": "2819",
    "PRIMARY_NAICS_CODE": "325180"
  }
]

Example -- TRI releases of a specific chemical in a state (2022):

https://data.epa.gov/efservice/TRI_RELEASE_QTY/STATE_ABBR/TX/REPORTING_YEAR/2022/CHEM_NAME/CONTAINING/BENZENE/rows/0:24/JSON

2. Air Quality System (AQS)

Air quality monitoring data from the national monitoring network.

Key Tables:

Table Description
AQS_SITES Monitoring site metadata.
AQS_MONITORS Monitor-level info (parameters measured).
AQS_ANNUAL_SUMMARY Annual summary statistics per monitor.
AQS_DAILY_SUMMARY Daily summary observations.

Example -- AQS monitoring sites in California:

https://data.epa.gov/efservice/AQS_SITES/STATE_CODE/06/rows/0:9/JSON

Example -- annual ozone summary for a county:

https://data.epa.gov/efservice/AQS_ANNUAL_SUMMARY/STATE_CODE/06/COUNTY_CODE/037/PARAMETER_CODE/44201/rows/0:9/JSON

Common AQS Parameter Codes:

Code Pollutant
44201 Ozone
42401 SO2
42101 CO
42602 NO2
81102 PM10
88101 PM2.5 (FRM)
88502 PM2.5 (non-FRM)
14129 Lead (Pb)

3. Facility Registry Service (FRS)

Central registry of EPA-regulated facilities.

Key Tables:

Table Description
FRS_FACILITY_SITE Facility location and identifiers.
FRS_PROGRAM_FACILITY Links facilities to EPA programs.
FRS_NAICS NAICS codes for facilities.
FRS_SIC SIC codes for facilities.

Example -- EPA-regulated facilities by zip code:

https://data.epa.gov/efservice/FRS_FACILITY_SITE/POSTAL_CODE/90210/rows/0:9/JSON

4. Safe Drinking Water (SDWIS)

Public drinking water system data.

Key Tables:

Table Description
WATER_SYSTEM Water system info.
VIOLATION Drinking water violations.
LCR_SAMPLE_RESULT Lead and Copper Rule sample results.

Example -- drinking water violations in a state:

https://data.epa.gov/efservice/VIOLATION/PWSID/BEGINNING/OH/rows/0:19/JSON

5. Greenhouse Gas Reporting (GHG)

Facility-level greenhouse gas emissions data.

Key Tables:

Table Description
PUB_DIM_FACILITY GHG reporting facility info.
PUB_FACTS_SECTOR_GHG_EMISSION Emissions by sector.

Example -- GHG facilities in a state:

https://data.epa.gov/efservice/PUB_DIM_FACILITY/STATE/TX/rows/0:9/JSON

Query Patterns

Filtering with operators

# Exact match (implicit =)
/TABLE/COLUMN/VALUE/JSON

# Greater than
/TABLE/COLUMN/>/VALUE/JSON

# Less than
/TABLE/COLUMN/</VALUE/JSON

# Not equal
/TABLE/COLUMN/!=/VALUE/JSON

# Starts with
/TABLE/COLUMN/BEGINNING/VALUE/JSON

# Contains
/TABLE/COLUMN/CONTAINING/VALUE/JSON

Combining filters

Chain multiple column/value pairs:

/TABLE/COLUMN1/VALUE1/COLUMN2/VALUE2/JSON

Pagination

Use rows/{start}:{end} (0-based, inclusive):

/TABLE/rows/0:99/JSON       # First 100 rows
/TABLE/rows/100:199/JSON    # Next 100 rows

Default without rows: returns first 10,000 rows.

Output format

Append format as the last path segment:

/TABLE/.../JSON
/TABLE/.../XML
/TABLE/.../CSV
/TABLE/.../EXCEL

AQS Data API (Separate System)

For more granular air quality data, EPA also provides the AQS Data API at:

https://aqs.epa.gov/data/api

Example:

https://aqs.epa.gov/data/api/dailyData/byState?email=YOUR_EMAIL&key=YOUR_KEY&param=44201&bdate=20240101&edate=20240131&state=06

Notes

  • Table and column names are case-insensitive in the URL.
  • The Envirofacts API returns all columns for a table; you cannot select specific columns.
  • For joining data across tables, you must make separate requests and join client-side using shared keys (e.g. TRI_FACILITY_ID, REGISTRY_ID).
  • Some tables are very large. Always use rows/ to limit results and paginate.
  • EPA data updates vary by program: TRI is annual, AQS is daily/annual, SDWIS is quarterly.
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